MSDS: Vanadium Pentoxide

Identification

Product Name: Vanadium Pentoxide
Chemical Formula: V₂O₅
Synonyms: Vanadium(V) oxide, Divanadium pentaoxide
CAS Number: 1314-62-1
Manufacturer or Supplier: Check label or purchase documentation for specific information.
Recommended Use: Catalyst for sulfuric acid manufacturing, ceramic production, chemical research.
Restrictions: Not for food or drug use, unsuitable for consumer household use.

Hazard Identification

GHS Classification: Acute Toxicity (Inhalation) Category 2, Skin Irritation Category 2, Eye Irritation Category 2A, Carcinogenicity Category 2, Specific Target Organ Toxicity (Repeated Exposure) Category 2.
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Toxic if inhaled, Harmful in contact with skin, Causes skin and serious eye irritation, May cause cancer by inhalation, May cause damage to organs through prolonged exposure.
Primary Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact.
Symptoms: Eye redness, skin rash, cough, sore throat, respiratory distress, nausea, chronic exposure can affect kidneys and lungs.
Precautionary Statements: Prevent dust formation, use in well-ventilated areas, avoid breathing dust.

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Chemical Name: Vanadium Pentoxide
Concentration: Typically 98–100%
Impurities: Trace metal contaminants, not considered significant for hazard classification
Molecular Weight: 181.88 g/mol
Substance Type: Inorganic compound, no mixtures or complexing agents present
Other Identifiers: UN 2862 for transport, EINECS No. 215-239-8

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move to fresh air. Keep at rest. Seek medical attention for respiratory distress, coughing, or chest tightness.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash skin with soap and water for at least 15 minutes. Get medical attention if irritation persists.
Eye Contact: Rinse carefully with water for at least 15 minutes, holding eyelids open. Remove contact lenses, seek ophthalmic evaluation immediately.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly with water. Do not induce vomiting. Get medical help.
Note for Emergency Responders: Vanadium pentoxide acts as a respiratory sensitizer, medical monitoring may be needed for delayed effects.

Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, foam, dry chemical, or CO₂. Use water cautiously, as dust may become airborne.
Specific Hazards: Emits toxic metal oxide fumes during fire. Product does not burn but can enhance fire through oxidizing properties.
Protective Equipment: Firefighters should wear full protective gear and a self-contained breathing apparatus.
Special Procedures: Contain runoff, avoid spread of residue into soil and drains.

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Use recommended personal protective equipment including gloves, goggles, and respiratory protection. Prevent dust inhalation.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe. Keep out of sewers, water courses, and soil.
Methods for Clean-Up: Sweep up without creating dust. Place in a labeled container for disposal according to local regulation.
Decontamination: Wash area thoroughly with water after material removal, ventilate the area.

Handling and Storage

Precautions: Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Do not breathe dust.
Safe Handling: Use local exhaust ventilation to minimize exposure. Handle only in well-ventilated locations.
Storage Conditions: Store in a tightly closed, corrosion-resistant container. Keep in a dry, cool, well-ventilated place.
Incompatible Materials: Avoid storing with strong acids, reducing agents, or organic materials.
Good Hygiene Practices: Wash hands after handling. Do not eat, drink, or smoke in work areas.

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Exposure Limits: ACGIH TLV: 0.05 mg/m³ (respirable fraction) as vanadium pentoxide dust and fume, OSHA PEL: 0.5 mg/m³ (dust and fume).
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation, maintain negative pressure, provide eyewash and safety showers.
Respiratory Protection: Suitable NIOSH-approved respirator for dust/fume.
Hand Protection: Chemically-resistant gloves.
Eye/Face Protection: Tight fitting chemical splash goggles and face shield.
Skin and Body Protection: Long-sleeved clothing, laboratory coat, impervious boots if required.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Yellow to red-orange solid, powder form.
Odor: Odorless
pH: Not applicable (insoluble in water)
Melting Point: 690°C (1274°F)
Boiling Point: 1750°C (3182°F)
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, soluble in strong alkali.
Density: 3.357 g/cm³
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at room temperature.
Other Properties: Non-flammable, oxides may form at high temperatures.

Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable under normal temperature and pressure.
Reactivity: Can act as a strong oxidizer, reacts with reducing agents.
Hazardous Reactions: Contact with organic material, metal powders, or concentrated acids may cause combustion or violent reactions.
Breakdown Products: Forms vanadium and oxygen upon decomposition.
Conditions to Avoid: Moisture, extreme heat, sources of ignition.

Toxicological Information

Acute Toxicity: Oral LD₅₀ (rat): 10 mg/kg; inhaled exposures produce toxic effects even at low concentrations.
Routes of Exposure: Primarily inhalation; secondary routes include skin and eye contact.
Chronic Toxicity: Long-term exposure can affect the lungs, kidneys, gastrointestinal system, respiratory system. Carcinogenicity risk for inhalation exposure.
Symptoms: Irritation, cough, difficulty breathing, conjunctivitis, dermal sensitization.
Carcinogenic Status: IARC: Group 2B (possibly carcinogenic to humans).
Other Information: Prolonged or repeated exposure aggravates existing medical conditions especially respiratory disorders.

Ecological Information

Ecotoxicity: Highly toxic to aquatic life, long term adverse impacts expected in aquatic environments.
Persistence and Degradability: Non-biodegradable inorganic compound, persists in sediment.
Bioaccumulation: Can accumulate in aquatic organisms, especially invertebrates and fish.
Mobility in Soil: Limited water solubility reduces mobility in soil, but surface water contamination risks remain.
Other Effects: Harmful to plants, disrupts growth and development.

Disposal Considerations

Waste Disposal Method: Collect and seal in appropriate hazardous waste containers, disposal by authorized chemical waste contractor.
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse containers thoroughly, dispose of washwater as hazardous waste.
Regulatory Requirements: Landfill only at permitted facilities. Local, state, and federal regulations take precedence.
Do Not: Discharge into drains, soil, or surface water.

Transport Information

UN Number: 2862
Proper Shipping Name: Vanadium Pentoxide, solid
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substances)
Packing Group: III
Labels: Toxic, non-combustible, inhalation risk
Special Precautions: Transportation in fully sealed, labeled containers; emergency procedures for spillage or exposure during transport.
Regulatory Notes: Subject to ADR/RID, IMDG, IATA/ICAO guidelines.

Regulatory Information

EU Regulations: Classified as a hazardous substance under CLP Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008.
US Regulations: TSCA-listed, subject to OSHA, SARA Title III, CERCLA reporting.
State Regulations: Check state-specific regulations in California, New Jersey, Pennsylvania.
Workplace Labelling: Employers must provide SDS and hazard communication program.
Other: Requires labeling for carcinogenicity, acute and chronic toxicity, and environmental harm.