MSDS for Vanadium Nitrate

Identification

Product Name: Vanadium Nitrate
Chemical Formula: V(NO₃)₅
Synonyms: Vanadium(V) nitrate, Vanadic nitrate
CAS Number: 14094-62-9
Intended Use: Research, chemical synthesis, oxidation catalyst
Supplier: Major laboratory chemical suppliers and specialty chemical companies
Contact for Emergency: Listed on supplier’s label or invoice (general 24-hour chemical emergency service)

Hazard Identification

GHS Classification: Oxidizing solids (Category 2), Acute toxicity (Category 2 Inhalation, Category 3 Oral, Category 3 Dermal), Skin corrosion/irritation (Category 1), Serious eye damage (Category 1), Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure (Category 2), Environmental hazard (Aquatic Chronic Category 2)
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Strong oxidizer causes fire if exposed to combustible material, toxic if inhaled or swallowed, fatal in contact with skin, causes severe burns to skin and eyes, suspected respiratory and organ toxicity over repeated exposure, harmful to aquatic life with long-lasting effects
Pictograms: Flame over circle, Skull and crossbones, Corrosion, Health hazard, Environment
Main Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin absorption, eye contact, ingestion
Symptoms of Exposure: Burning of skin or eyes, cough, labored breathing, nausea, headache, chronic bronchitis-like symptoms, damage to liver and kidneys upon prolonged exposure

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Chemical: Vanadium(V) nitrate
CAS Number: 14094-62-9
Concentration: 98–100% (laboratory grade)
Other Components: Moisture and trace acid residues may be present depending on manufacturer and storage

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Remove victim to fresh air immediately, seek medical attention, provide oxygen if breathing is difficult, monitor for lung irritation or delayed effects
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, flush affected area thoroughly with copious water for at least 15 minutes, do not delay obtaining medical attention, treat for chemical burns
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes with flowing water for at least 15 minutes using an eyewash station, lift upper and lower eyelids, seek prompt medical attention
Ingestion: Rinse mouth if conscious and seek immediate medical professional care, never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person, do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel
Special Note: Medical professionals should be aware that vanadium can cause severe respiratory, renal, and nervous system effects

Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray or fog, avoid dry chemical or foam due to risk of violent reaction with oxidizers
Fire Hazards: Powerful oxidizer, intensifies fire, decomposes at high temperatures producing nitrogen oxides and vanadium oxides, strong release of toxic gases
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Wear full protective gear including self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), chemical-resistant suit
Special Procedures: Cool intact closed containers with water from a safe distance, prevent run-off from fire-fighting to reach waterways, evacuate personnel to a safe distance

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Do not breathe dust or vapors, avoid skin and eye contact, remove ignition sources, restrict access to the area, provide adequate ventilation, use recommended PPE
Methods for Cleaning up: Avoid dry sweeping, dampen with water and collect using non-sparking tools, transfer to a secure chemical waste container, minimize dust generation, ventilate area and wash spill site after cleanup
Environmental Precautions: Prevent material from entering drains or watercourses, notify appropriate regulatory authorities if release occurs that could affect the environment

Handling and Storage

Precautions for Safe Handling: Handle within a well-ventilated fume hood, keep away from heat sources and incompatible materials (organics, reducing agents, combustibles), avoid generating and inhaling dust, wear full protective clothing and face protection
Conditions for Safe Storage: Store in tightly sealed containers made of compatible material, keep in cool, dry, properly ventilated area, segregate from flammables, organics, bases, acids, store away from direct sunlight and sources of ignition, label storage area for oxidizers and highly toxic chemicals
Incompatibilities: Flammable or combustible materials, strong reducers, acids, organic solvents, bases, finely divided metals

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Control Parameters: OSHA PEL: None established for vanadium nitrate; NIOSH REL: 0.05 mg V/m³ (vanadium, as V) ceiling
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation, fume hood, closed process systems
Personal Protection: Chemical resistant gloves (nitrile, neoprene), laboratory coat, long pants, closed-toe shoes, full face shield when risk of splashing is present, goggles
Respiratory Protection: Use full-face respirator with high-efficiency particulate or combination filter cartridges when risk of inhalation exists or exposure limit may be exceeded
Hygiene Measures: Wash thoroughly after handling, do not eat, drink, or smoke during use, remove contaminated clothing promptly, keep work clothes separate from personal clothing

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Red-brown solid or viscous liquid, may appear as crystals or syrupy mass
Odor: Pungent, acrid, nitric-like
Melting Point: Decomposes below 60°C
Boiling Point: Decomposes well below boiling, not precisely defined
Vapor Pressure: Not determined, may emit toxic fumes at ambient temperatures
Solubility: Readily soluble in water, reacts vigorously
Density: Estimated 2.0–2.1 g/cm³ (solid)
Other Information: Decomposes releasing nitrogen oxides upon mild heating or exposure to moisture

Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Unstable above room temperature, decomposes rapidly in moist or alkaline conditions
Incompatible Materials: Reducing agents, organics, combustibles, metals, acids, alkalis
Dangerous Reactions: Violent reaction with reducing agents, releases toxic fumes, may cause fire upon contact with organic material
Hazardous Decomposition Products: NO_x gases, vanadium pentoxide (V₂O₅), vanadium trioxide (V₂O₃)

Toxicological Information

Acute Toxicity: Highly toxic by inhalation (LC₅₀ and LD₅₀ values for other vanadium salts <5 mg/kg), severe irritant to skin and respiratory tract, corrosive to mucous membranes
Chronic Toxicity: Prolonged exposure may cause bronchiolitis, asthma-like symptoms, nervous system, kidney, and liver damage, possible risk for cancer through inhaled vanadium compounds (IARC Group 2B)
Symptoms of Exposure: Short-term: burning sensation, coughing, headache, skin/eye burns, gastrointestinal discomfort; Long-term: bronchitis, skin rash, sensory disturbances
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin absorption
Carcinogenicity: Not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans, limited evidence through animal studies for related vanadium compounds
Other Notes: Individuals with pre-existing skin, lung, or kidney problems may be at higher risk

Ecological Information

Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic life, potential for bioaccumulation of vanadium, toxic to micro-organisms and plants
Persistence and Degradability: Inorganic substance, persists in soil and water, does not readily break down
Mobility in Soil: Highly mobile in moist environments, forms soluble vanadate ions
Bioaccumulation Potential: Moderate risk in aquatic organisms, vanadium can be taken up by plants
Other Adverse Effects: Risk to ground and surface water if released in quantity

Disposal Considerations

Waste Disposal Methods: Collect as hazardous waste under local, state, and federal regulations, do not dump in drains or sewers, consult certified hazardous waste disposal contractor
Contaminated Packaging: Triple rinse then dispose of as hazardous waste, clearly mark empty containers as hazardous
Special Precautions: Consider environmental impact, use dedicated containers for all vanadium nitrate waste, never mix with combustible or organic waste

Transport Information

UN Number: UN 3087
Proper Shipping Name: Oxidizing solid, toxic, n.o.s. (Vanadium nitrate)
Transport Hazard Class: 5.1 (Oxidizer), 6.1 (Toxic substance)
Packing Group: II
Transport Label: Oxidizer, Toxic
Special Provisions: Secure and segregate, no combinations with food or flammable materials during transit, comply with national and international transport regulations
Environmental Hazard: Marine pollutant — prevent release into bodies of water during shipping

Regulatory Information

US Regulations: TSCA listed, SARA Title III 313 reporting required for vanadium compounds, subject to RCRA hazardous waste rules
EU Regulations: Subject to CLP Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 for classification, labeling, and packaging, must follow REACH regulations regarding restricted supply and use
Other International Requirements: IATA/ICAO and IMDG apply strict guidelines on carriage by air and sea, workplace hazard communication standards set by local/national agencies
Labeling Requirements: Signal word Danger, hazard and precautionary statements per GHS, pictograms required for oxidizer, acute toxicity, corrosion, health and aquatic hazard
Worker Safety Laws: Employees must receive proper training, personal protective equipment, and medical surveillance when working with highly hazardous chemicals like vanadium nitrate